Animal Cell

You will learn about "Animal Cell" in this video. The animal cell is surrounded by a flexible cell membrane that encloses all the contents of the cell. It is semi- permeable, i.e. it allows only specific materials to move in and out of the cell.

The different parts of the cell are called organelles. The animal cell has a jelly like substance called cytoplasm that provides a surface for all organelles.

The nucleus is the control centre of the cell. It decides and controls most of the functions going on in the cell.

The mitochondria are the sites for cellular respiration in the cell. They are known as the powerhouses of the cell as they release energy rich compounds called ATP, which are needed for the functioning, growth and maintenance of the body.

The endoplasmic reticulum is a large network of membrane bounds sheets and tubes. It helps to transport and exchange materials between the various regions of the cytoplasm. There are 2 types of the endoplasmic reticulum, the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

It is called the rough endoplasmic reticulum due to the presence of ribosomes on its surface that help in the building and synthesis of proteins.

While, it is called the smooth endoplasmic reticulum due to the absence of ribosomes. They are involved in synthesis of lipids which are essential components of the cell membranes

Ribosomes then carry these proteins to the golgi apparatus that process and package these proteins. The layers of golgi apparatus are called golgi bodies. They are involved in the formation of lysosomes. The lysosomes are called the suicide bags of the cell. They help in cell digestion. They break down the cell wastes and convert it into new cell building material in the cytoplasm.

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